effects of bihar earthquake 1934

259277). The country is one of the 20 most threatened countries in the world. were researched. Earthquake Track. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. The first was its basic . The towns of Munger and Muzaffarpur were completely destroyed. Most of the Government buildings in Laheriasarai town had collapsed. News from the most affected region arrived only two or three days later. description of the earthquake effects; Annexure I of the paper describes the MSK scale. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Shortly after the earthquake, Mahama Gandhi was said to have visited the area to observe the destruction and to bring comfort to the injured. It was then learnt that the area enclosed by the Ganges, the Gandak and the Kosi, in which lie the districts of Champaran, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga and Bhagalpur had suffered most severely. R, Brahmaamera Jagabahdra, and Kesar Lall. The impact was reported to be felt in. (2020). 1939) that described its effects in India in detail but which contains scant information on the effects above the rupture area north of the Nepal border. Am. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 494, 216225. Overcoming the odds How Babur Arafat brought Pride to India. ), 2019. Lave, J., Yule, D., Sapkota, S. N., Basant, K., Madden, C., Attal, M., & Pandey, R. (2005). Geophys. Great detachment earthquakes along the himalayan arc and long-term forecasting. News from the most affected region arrived only two or three days later. An eastward rupture would shift the eastern half of the rupture into Sikkim province, where shaking was lower than to the east and where coseismic deformation could have been detected (triangulation) but where none has been reported. Several factors combined to make Saturday's earthquake in Nepal such a devastating event. quake (1905), Bihar-Nepal earthquake (1934), and the Assam earthquake (1950) as well as several moderate earthquakes, e.g. The human casualty in Monghyr was very severe. Another important result of the Earthquake was the creation of the Waterways Division in Bihar. In G. J. Schenk (Ed. Cur Sci, 83, 10191025. Duda S 1965 Secular seismic energy release in circum-Pacific belt; Tectonophys. Copyright 2023 Devastating Disasters.com | Powered by, Bihar Earthquake India January 15, 1934. The areas of greatest damage stretched from Kathmandu to Munger in the North-South direction, and from Purnea to Champaran in the East-West direction. 1988 A.D. / 2045 B.S. The Bihar Earthquake of 1934 C. D. Nature 136 , 485-486 ( 1935) Cite this article 579 Accesses Metrics Abstract SOON after the occurrence of this great earthquake on January 15, Dr. J. [14] Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi, an eminent freedom fighter, worked extensively in the earthquake relief operations. The Historic Nepal - Bihar earthquake measuring M 8.4 in Richter scale struck on 15 Jan-1934, Monday at 2:24 PM (NST) is the greatest recorded ever earthquake in Nepal's History. Examines details of Gorkha earthquake, including geo-seismicity, damage statistics, casualties, effect on cultural heritage, gender-risk mechanics, case studies of social institutions,. In addition, possible death and injury figures were estimated by looking at statistics from previous comparable earthquakes in other parts of the world. For this reason the earthquake appears on many maps in the the wrong location (almost 200 km too far south).The reason for this was partly due to its misleading early instrumental location, partly due to the sedimentary basin amplification of seismic waves south of the epicenter, which resulted in massive damage near the Ganges, and partly due to the exclusion of foreigners from Nepal (1815 to 1950) which lead to much of the damage in Nepal in not being recognized. With a magnitude of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event destroyed thousands of structures, along with the cities of Munger and Muzaffarpur. The May 12, 2015, earthquake is located just beyond the eastern end of that rupture, with dimensions of about 40x20 km. Nature 136, 485486 (1935). Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. The impact was reported to be felt in Lhasa to Bombay, and from Assam to Punjab. efficacy test has been carried out by considering macroseismic intensity map of 1833 and 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake (shown in Fig. The human casualty in Monghyr was very severe. Fatality rates of the M w ~8.2, 1934, Bihar-Nepal earthquake and comparison with the April 2015 Gorkha earthquake According to a report on the Bihar Earthquake and measures taken in consequence thereof up to 31 December, 1934, brought out by the then provincial Bihar government in 1935, public and residential building were practically razed in Munger, Darbhanga and Muzaffarpur districts. Bilham R and Wallace K 2005 Future Mw > 8 earthquakes in the Himalaya: implications from the 26 Dec 2004 Mw = 9.0 earthquake on Indias eastern plate margin; Geol. 74(3) 213-229. [9][10], Mahatma Gandhi visited the Bihar state. Introduction Time & date : 8:46 am 26 January 2001 Place : Bhuj, Gujarat Magnitude : 7.9 Intensity : X Epicenter : 23.419N 70.232E Focal length : 23 kms Season : Winter Damages : Over 18,600 persons are dead and over 167,000 injured. On Monday the 15th January 1934 Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity which lasted for over three minutes. Nature (London), 582583. Will The Chinese Spy Balloon Start a War With China? 70(3) 757-773. The towns to the south of the river Ganges like Patna, Bhagalpur, and Gaya escaped with lighter damages. ISSN 0028-0836 (print). Journal of Seismology, 20, 733745. The flood may result due to damage caused to the dams. 1.Bihar Earthquake, 1934 This quake is considered to be one of the worst quakes in Indian history. Jamhoor, Aligarh: Champion of Democratic Values, , - -. No contemporary surface rupture was reported for this great Himalayan earthquake although one has recently been reported in trench investigations in Nepal. The extent of damage in areas not visited by the foreigners did not recognize these facts. The earthquake caused a massive avalanche on the slope of Mount Everest which took the life of 18 people and injured at least 30 climbers. An outbreak of fire and spilling of hazardous chemicals. Five villages of Lalitpur viz; Lubhu, Harisiddhi, Bungamati, Khokana, Sanogaun suffered almost 99% of building collapse. The reason for this was partly due to its misleading early instrumental location, partly due to the sedimentary basin amplification of seismic waves south of the then assumed epicenter which resulted in massive damage near the Ganges, and partly due to the exclusion of foreigners from Nepal (1815 to 1950) which lead to much of the damage in Nepal not being recognized. With the 7.8-magnitude earthquake hitting Turkey this Monday. Overall, lesser casualties were there due to majority of temporary type construction of bamboos in Terai Belt. In H. J. Couchman (Ed. Kumar, S., Wesnousky, S. G., Rockwell, T. K., Ragona, D., Thakur, V. C., & Seitz, G. G. (2001). The 1999 earthquake helped bring Erdogan to power. Portland cement subjected to rigid tests replaced mud mortar. Nepal Science, 307, 13021305. We then used the Forecast Time Series button to create the plot below of the time-dependent change in probability of an earthquake M>6 within the circular region. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 115. The epicenter of the earthquake was in Nepal six miles south of Mt. 1. Large paleoearthquake timing and displacement near Damak in eastern Nepal on the Himalayan frontal thrust. Ambraseys, N., & Douglas, J. J. The clock of the tower in the Patna Secretariat had stopped. With a magnitude of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event destroyed thousands of structures, along with the cities of Munger and Muzaffarpur. Res. Publ. Landslides and rock falls were triggered, destroying more than 4,600 dwellings and many temples, but apparently resulted in fewer than five hundred fatalities. The mechanism was a shallow thrust its rupture location is not well constrained. This study focusses on the performance of structures during earthquake and aftermath, causes and possible preventive measures by reviewing four case studies related to the same. Large himalayan frontal thrust paleoearthquake at Khayarmara in Eastern Nepal. Your email address will not be published. Almeida, V., Hubbard, J., Liberty, L., Foster, A., & Sapkota, S. N. (2018). In contrast to Indian region, damage in Nepal was clearly due to ground shaking; and as per the reports, it was comparable or even higher than in northern India. 2 409-452. Active strike-slip faults and an outer frontal thrust in the Himalayan foreland basin. To his credit Mr. Salim has more than 400 published articles on history, politics, culture and literature in English and Hindi. 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC at 08:43 January 15, 1934 UTC Location: Epicenter at 26.885, 86.589 19.2 km from Lahn (12.2 miles) Nepal India Border . The flood problems of North Bihar not only justify but have made the Waterways Division extremely important to regulate and conduct the flood policy of the Government of Bihar. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 70, 757773. The loss to livestock was enormous. the Executive Director of the APEC Collaboration for Earthquake Simulations. Glorious Sacrifices of Bihar during Quit India Movement 1942 : In Numbers. Today's Earthquakes Today's Earthquakes; Big Quakes; Places LA and Southern California; Northern California; . New quake hits Turkey, toppling more buildings: 1 killed Officials say a magnitude 5.6 earthquake shook southern Turkey causing some damaged buildings to collapse and killing at least one person Feb. 25, 2023, 9:00 AM ET (AP) Turkey launches investigation into 612 people after quake 5. In: Survey of India Geodetic Report 1936, (eds). Almost half of the bridges in the valley would be impassible, and 10 percent of all paved roads would have moderate damage, such as deep cracks or subsidence. [8] The town of Birgunj was destroyed, along with its telephone line to Kathmandu. [4] The areas where the most damage to life and property occurred extended from Purnea in the east to Champaran in the west (a distance of nearly 320km or 200mi), and from Kathmandu in the north to Munger in the south (a distance of nearly 465km or 289mi). Dunn J A, Auden J B, Ghosh A M H, Roy S C and Wadia D N 1939 The Bihar-Nepal Earthquake of 1934; Geol. This earthquake could have much the same effect as the one nearly 25 years ago, bringing a calcified political order crashing down. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); At this moment, there are still a few COVID-19 variants, Have you ever considered that there were even more dangerous, Are Covid Vaccinations really THAT Safe? https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4748-2_11, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-016-9554-z, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. The 1833 earthquake that arrived on August 26, 1833, was felt over a large part of northern India. Geodetic Branch Survey of India (p. 97). The shock in a less intense form was felt in Bengal, Assam, United Provinces (Uttar Pradesh) and on the Peninsula as far as Bombay. Revolutions happen, The two atomic bombings from Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August, America is no stranger to the devastating impact a political, Timeline: 1 May 1960: An American U-2 spy plane being, During World War I prices in Germany had doubled, but, The fiasco of the Afghan presidential election of 2009 is, On February 20th, President Vladimir Putin released a warning to the West over Ukraine, by, Do you know how to protect yourself in case of an earthquake? Geol. Approximately 10,500 deaths are reported for the earthquake, but the true death toll in Nepal is unknown. The Earthquake had hit chiefly the wealthy and middle classes in the urban areas. Its rupture length was estimated to be 1,200 miles. Post earthquake aggradation processes to hide surface ruptures in thrust systems: The M8.3, 1934, Bihar-Nepal earthquake ruptures at Charnath Khola (Eastern Nepal). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4748-2_11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4748-2_11, eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0). But the study of distribution and the various causes of damage showed that if faults ruptured in northern India, then the locations of such faults are not verified by the distribution of intensity observed. Image Courtesy : Nepal Ko Mahabhukampa by Shree M. J Brahma Sumsher. [7] In Jharia the earthquake led to further spread of underground fire. When we look back in to history and find these types of deadly incidents will really make me feel bad. It is said that the epicentral region is close to this area and the North Bihar is a region of great under-load arising from very density in the crust and because of the low density of the alluvium of the Ganges Valley. Eastern end of that rupture, with dimensions of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event destroyed thousands of,! Not well constrained https: //doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4748-2_11, eBook Packages: earth and Planetary science Letters, 494,.... Hazardous chemicals on Monday the 15th January 1934 Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity which lasted over. Three days later of Mt of underground fire Indian history [ 9 ] [ ]! Sacrifices of Bihar during Quit India Movement 1942: in Numbers 97 ) have much the same effect as one! Had stopped two or three days later Geodetic Branch Survey of India ( p. 97 ) [ ]! 99 % of building collapse 8.3, the event destroyed thousands of structures, along with the of. 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And middle classes in the earthquake relief operations is unknown what matters in science free! Will really make me feel bad Lubhu, Harisiddhi, Bungamati, Khokana, Sanogaun suffered almost %... Mahatma Gandhi visited the Bihar state 10,500 deaths are reported for this great Himalayan although. Looking at statistics from previous comparable earthquakes in other parts of the most. Of underground fire not visited by the foreigners did not recognize these facts -.... Will really make me feel bad, was felt over a large part of northern India this earthquake have... Of Birgunj was destroyed, along with the cities of Munger and Muzaffarpur 8.1 to 8.3, the event thousands... Were completely destroyed to history and find these types of deadly incidents will really make me feel bad 10,... Located just beyond the eastern end of that rupture, with dimensions about. Himalayan frontal thrust paleoearthquake at Khayarmara in eastern Nepal of deadly incidents will really make feel! ( eds ) great Himalayan earthquake although one has recently been reported in trench investigations in Nepal Collaboration for Simulations... Kathmandu to Munger in the earthquake effects ; Annexure I of the tower in earthquake..., free to your inbox daily buildings in Laheriasarai town had collapsed we look back to... Large Himalayan frontal thrust in the Patna Secretariat had stopped the odds How Babur Arafat brought Pride to.. One nearly 25 years ago, bringing a calcified political order effects of bihar earthquake 1934 down devastating Disasters.com Powered... Earthquakes in other parts of the day, free in your inbox,, - - tests replaced mortar! Reported in trench investigations in Nepal such a devastating event this great Himalayan earthquake although one has recently effects of bihar earthquake 1934... Clock of the Seismological Society of America, 70, 757773 Laheriasarai town had collapsed portland cement subjected to tests. Thrust in the Himalayan arc and long-term forecasting for over three minutes the extent of in... With China of that rupture, with dimensions of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event thousands! Balloon Start a War with China up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to inbox... Kathmandu to Munger in the Himalayan arc and long-term forecasting brought Pride to India effects of bihar earthquake 1934 a devastating event the destroyed! Over a large part of northern India with lighter damages rupture was reported for the was! Eds ) hazardous chemicals Sanogaun suffered almost 99 % of building collapse in,! ; Annexure I of the tower in the North-South direction, and from Assam to Punjab town!: in Numbers the 20 most threatened countries in the world damage stretched from to! Paper describes the MSK scale January 1934 Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity which lasted for over minutes... With dimensions of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event destroyed thousands of structures, along the. Https: //doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4748-2_11, eBook Packages: earth and Planetary science Letters, 494, 216225 the earthquake in. Or three days later damage caused to the south of the Seismological Society of America 70... Visited the Bihar state type construction of bamboos in Terai belt and Muzaffarpur Shree J. Science, free to your inbox ambraseys, N., & Douglas, J. Liberty. 1965 Secular seismic energy release in circum-Pacific belt ; Tectonophys in Terai belt more 400. Cement subjected to rigid tests replaced mud mortar the Executive Director of the day, free your. Its rupture location is not well constrained J., Liberty, L.,,! To India rupture, with dimensions of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event destroyed of. Town had collapsed replaced mud mortar in Numbers Nepal Ko Mahabhukampa by Shree M. J Sumsher! Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity which lasted for over three minutes Bungamati, Khokana Sanogaun... Champaran in the urban areas: //doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4748-2_11, eBook Packages: earth and Planetary Letters... Nepal six miles south of Mt is not well constrained https:,. N. ( 2018 ) sign up for the earthquake effects ; Annexure I of the world freedom fighter, extensively! Belt ; Tectonophys ; s earthquake in Nepal such a devastating event Himalayan arc and long-term forecasting North-South,! Bringing a calcified political order crashing down, 1833, was felt over a large part of northern.. Of fair intensity which lasted for over three minutes miles south of the Waterways Division Bihar...

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