b24 vs b17 range and payload

After the Fall of France the French orders were in most cases transferred to the United Kingdom. Early versions were fitted with a single .50 caliber (12.7mm) Browning machine gun in their tails, and a XC-87B version proposed two .50 caliber (12.7mm) fixed machine guns for the nose, operable by the pilot, though these were eventually removed. 41-2399 . Therefore, the B-24 is superior to the B-17. [56], Data from Quest for Performance,[57] Jane's Fighting aircraft of World War II,[58] General Dynamics aircraft and their predecessors[59], Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era. Corrections? Then came a firestorm of antiaircraft cannon shells, rockets and air-burst bombs, turning the skies into a hellish expanse of bullets, smoke, and flak. Liberators were the only heavy bomber flown by the RAAF in the Pacific. By the end of the conflict, over 18,500 B-24s had been constructed making it the . RAF Liberators were also operated as bombers from India by SEAC and would have been a part of Tiger Force if the war had continued. It cruised about 50 miles an hour fast than the B-17, and flew at 25-30,000 feet. Privacy Terms of Use EU and UK Data Protection Notice Cookies, http://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-468/ch5-3.htm, NASA. The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) took delivery of its first B-24As in mid-1941. "Consolidated B-24 Liberator. The maximum take-off weight was slightly raised to 64,250 pounds, the maximum altitude lifted from 21,200 to 24,000 feet but the maximum speed was reduced to 263mph, largely as a result of increased drag.[9]. The aircraft demonstrated unstable flight characteristics with all storage tanks filled, and proved very difficult to land fully loaded at airfields above 6,000ft (1,800m) MSL in elevation, such as those around Chengdu. A payload range diagram (also known as the elbow chart) illustrates the trade-off between payload and range. Lindell Hendrix, later a test pilot for Republic Aviation, flew B-24s for the Eighth Air force. The XC-87B also designated a resurrected crash victim B-24D (42-40355) fitted with low altitude power packages and a forward fuselage extension. The forward and aft bomb bay compartments were further split longitudinally with a centerline ventral catwalk just nine inches (23cm) wide,[14] which also functioned as the fuselage's structural keel beam. The navigator's position was relocated behind the pilot. So vital was the need for long-range operations, that at first USAAF used the type as transports. Only 218 C-109s were actually converted. The specification was written such that the Model 32 would automatically be the winning design. Along with the B-17, the B-24 was the mainstay of the US strategic bombing campaign in the Western European theater. [44] Production took place at 5 plants. Some B-24 crews fell, others limped back to England, but those who survived the onslaught dropped 98 percent of their bombs on target, leveling Gothas capabilities in one amazing run. Indigenous Fort Worth C-87 and AT-22 production began with the FY 1943 order for 80 serial-numbered airframes 43-30548 through 4330627. 1939 bomber aircraft family by Consolidated Aircraft, "B-24" redirects here. When the RAF purchased the first six YB-24 aircraft, the serial numbers were reassigned to an early batch of B-24D funded by the deferment. The B-24N was intended as a major production variant featuring a single tail. Range: 1,850 miles Service Ceiling: 35,000 ft. B 24 - L IBERATOR Learn how and when to remove this template message, British and French purchasing commissions, South West Pacific theatre of World War II, Watch video of B-24 production and testing, List of Consolidated B-24 Liberator operators, List of surviving Consolidated B-24 Liberators, National Museum of the Mighty Eighth Air Force, National Museum of the United States Air Force, Accidents and incidents involving the Consolidated B-24 Liberator, Unbroken: A World War II Story of Survival, Resilience, and Redemption, "The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress vs. the Consolidated B-24 Liberator", "A Brief History of the 44th Bomb Group. With it's great range, it performed anti-sub work in the Atlantic and heavy bomber support in the Pacific. It was necessary when flying the B-24, to get "on step". In a joint venture between the Army Air Forces and the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) code-named Operation Carpetbagger, pilots and crews flew specially modified B-24Ds painted with a glossy black anti-searchlight paint to supply friendly underground forces throughout German-occupied Europe. For example: A "stumpy" payload-range diagram may suggest that the aircraft has a small cabin that is limiting the payload capacity of the aircraft. [9] The C-87 also shared the Liberator's dangerous sensitivity to icing, particularly prevalent over Himalayan routes. The C-87 was not always popular with the aircrews assigned to fly it. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. . 'In particular, the range, speed and promised technological "invulnerability . Additionally, the Liberator equipped a number of independent squadrons in a variety of special combat roles. The B-24 had a shoulder-mounted high aspect ratio Davis wing. A B-24 could reach 290 miles per hour and carry a 5,000-pound bomb load for 1,700 miles, giving it a longer range, greater speed, and a bigger payload than its B-17 cousin." In addition, that aforementioned ball turret on the B-24 was retractable, whilst the B-17's was not; . The Consolidated B-24 Liberator was an American heavy bomber that entered service in 1941. Consolidated B-24 Liberator Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Speed (kph) 467 462 RANGE 2,001 miles (3,220 km) [Diff.0 miles] RANGE 2,001 miles (3,220 km) [Diff.0 miles] Consolidated B-24 Liberator Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Range (km) 3,220 3,220 CEILING 28,002 ft (8,535 m) [Diff.-7,595 feet] CEILING 35,597 ft (10,850 m) [Diff.+7,595 feet] Two were shot up by Japanese fighters, but both managed to land safely. Because of their special skills, they were called upon to fly fuel to General George Patton's army during the summer and early autumn of 1944 when it outran its fuel supply. The C-87 had a large cargo floor, less powerful supercharged engines, no gun turrets, a floor in the bomb bay for freight, and some side windows. In the China Burma India Theater (CBI), the C-87 was used to airlift cargo and fuel over the Hump (the Himalayas) from India to China. Also, the necessity of range increased the importance of weight and aerodynamic efficiency. OPTIONAL: Maximum internal bombload of 7,983 kg (17,600 lb). A 4,000-pound (1,800-kg) bomb load was typical for long missions, though the B-17 could carry up to 8,000 pounds (3,600 kg) internally for shorter distances at lower altitudes and even more on external racks beneath the wings. Up to four crew members could be located in the waist, operating waist guns, a retractable lower ball turret gun, and a tail gun turret matching the nose turret. Dorr, Robert F. and Jon Lake. Pilots and crews slept on 1,300 cots at Willow Run waiting for their B-24s to roll off the assembly line. The B-24D initially featured upper, belly and tail turrets, plus swiveling single guns in the waist and on either side of the nose. This wing was highly efficient allowing a relatively high airspeed and long range. The added advantage was the American types could be assessed in the European war zone earlier. It used differential braking and differential thrust for ground steering, which made taxiing difficult.[16]. In Eighth Air force combat configuration, the aircraft carried 8000lb (3600kg) of bombs. Liberators were credited in full or in part with sinking 93 U-boats. Subject: Acceptance Performance Tests Section: Flying Branch . The "Military Factory" name and MilitaryFactory.com logo are registered U.S. trademarks protected by all applicable domestic and international intellectual property laws. At an altitude of 900 metres there was a tremendous explosion. One major failure of the prototype was that it failed to meet the top speed requirements specified in the contract. That would make the total payload capability 134,000 lbs.! The U.S. Navy received 977 PB4Y-1s (Liberators originally ordered by the USAAF) and 739 PB4Y-2 Privateers, derived from the B-24. The first aircrews chosen for this operation came from the anti-submarine bomb groups because of their special training in low altitude flying and pinpoint navigation skills. Within weeks, the First Provisional Bombardment Group formed from the remnants of the Halverson and China detachments. The B-24 was a faster plane having a greater range and payload capacity. Also, most naval aircraft had an Erco ball turret installed in the nose position, replacing the glass nose and other styles of turret. Following incidents when flare guns were accidentally discharged inside the rear fuselage, some assembly (formation) ships had pyrotechnic guns fixed through the fuselage sides. The Davis wing was also more susceptible to ice formation than contemporary designs, causing distortions of the aerofoil section and resulting in the loss of lift, with unpleasant experiences drawing such comments as, "The Davis wing won't hold enough ice to chill your drink". The B-24's spacious, slab-sided fuselage (which earned the aircraft the nickname "Flying Boxcar")[13] was built around two central bomb bays that could accommodate up to 8,000 pounds (3,600kg) of ordnance in each compartment (but rarely did, as this decreased range and altitude). After company executives including President Reuben Fleet visited the Boeing factory in Seattle, Washington, Consolidated decided instead to submit a more modern design of its own.[5]. The definitive version of the B-17 was the G model, which entered service in the summer of 1943. For much of 1944, the B-24 was the predominant bomber of U.S. Strategic Air Forces (USSTAF) formerly the Eighth Air Force in the Combined Bomber Offensive against Germany, forming nearly half of its heavy bomber strength in the ETO prior to August and most of the Italian-based force. Robert B. Both the B-17 and the B-24 came out of an early 1930s philosophy that long-range bombers could be used to defend the continental United States against a foreign enemy by finding and sinking an invasion fleet while it was still several hundred miles from American shores. However, whereas a combat-loaded B-24 could safely take off with room to spare from a 6,000ft (1,800m) runway, a loaded C-109 required every foot of such a runway to break ground, and crashes on takeoff were not uncommon. Hendrix figured that Germans understood it was easier to hit, and that it carried more bombs. This model introduced self-sealing fuel tanks, a 2ft 7in (79cm) plug in the forward fuselage to create more space for crew members and, more vitally, ever more equipment such as ASV Mark II radar (anticipated early in the Liberator's development when Reuben Fleet told the engineering team he had a gut feeling the nose was too short). [citation needed], Late in the war RAF Liberator aircraft modified in England for use in South East Asia had the suffix "Snake" stenciled below the serial number to give them priority delivery through the Mediterranean and the Middle East. The Eighth Air Force's 458th Bombardment Group deployed the guided Azon ordnance in Europe between June and September 1944,[32] while the Tenth Air Force's 493rd Bomb Squadron employed it against Japanese railroad bridges on the Burma Railway in early 1945, fulfilling the intended original purpose of the Azon system. According to the history of the U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II, at least one squadron was assigned to the IX Troop Carrier Command in Europe to transport gasoline to advancing ground and air forces on the Continent after the Normandy invasion. The Liberator peak overseas deployment was 45.5 bomb groups in June 1944. Early versions proved to be more vulnerable to fighter attack than anticipated, but, by the time the B-17E version began to go into service shortly before the United States entered the war in 1941, the plane was equipped with turrets in the upper fuselage, belly, and tail. This wing was highly efficient allowing a relatively high airspeed and long range. 51820. In April 1939, the USAAC initially ordered seven YB-24 under CAC contract # 12464. The B-24 advanced the use of electronic warfare and equipped Search Bomber (SB), Low Altitude (LAB) and Radar Counter Measure (RCM) squadrons in addition to high-altitude bombing. These three units then joined the two 9th Air Force B-24 Liberator groups for low-level attack on the German-held Romanian oil complex at Ploieti. Due to its range, it proved useful in bombing operations in the Pacific, including the bombing of Japan. Failing to do this meant that the B-24 flew slightly nose high, and it used more fuel. And that was even if the US had bases nearby! As soon as more dependable Douglas C-54 Skymaster and Curtiss-Wright C-46 Commando transports became available in large numbers, C-87s were rapidly phased out of combat zone service, with some later used as VIP transports or B-24 flight crew trainers. Shores, Christopher, "History of the Royal Canadian Air Force", Toronto, Royce Publications, 1984, Taylor, John W. R. "Consolidated B-24/PB4 Y Liberator. B-24s were also used by the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps for ASW, anti-ship patrol, and photographic reconnaissance in the Pacific Theater, and by the U.S. Coast Guard for patrol and SAR. Compared to the B-17, it had a 6 feet (1.8m) larger wingspan but a lower wing area. Other C-87 designations were the U.S. Navy designation RY and Lend Lease Liberator Cargo VII. During Operation Carpetbagger in 1943, some Liberators were painted black and flown under the cover of night to supply French Resistance fighters with supplies and weapons, needed to support the upcoming D-Day invasion. Plans originally called for 2,000 C-109s to support 10 groups of B-29s (approximately 400) in China, but the capture of the Mariana Islands provided a far more easily resupplied location for raids on mainland Japan, and the plans were greatly scaled back. The design MTOW for a B-24D was initially set at 56,000lbs. An unusual four-panel set of all-metal, tambour-panel "roller-type" bomb bay doors, which operated very much like the movable enclosure of a rolltop desk, retracted into the fuselage. The aircraft had the distressing habit of losing all cockpit electrical power on takeoff or at landings, its engine power and reliability with the less-powerful superchargers also often left much to be desired. A 4,000-pound (1,800-kg) bomb load was typical for long missions, though the B-17 could carry up to 8,000 pounds (3,600 kg) internally for shorter distances at lower altitudes and even more on external racks beneath the wings. Some were fitted with a belly pack containing fixed, forward-facing cannon. Being on long-distance patrols, they generally flew outside the range of enemy fighters. [citation needed] The most important role, however, for the first batch of the Liberator GR Is was in service with RAF Coastal Command on anti-submarine patrols in the Battle of the Atlantic. In late June 1943, the three B-24 Liberator groups of the 8th Air Force were sent to North Africa on temporary duty with the 9th Air Force:[13] the 44th Bomb Group joined the 93rd and the 389th Bomb Groups. pp. [49] Up into December 1944, Ford had also produced an additional 7242 KD or 'Knock Down' Kits that would be trucked to and assembled by Consolidated in Ft. Worth and Douglas Aircraft in Tulsa. Post and all but two of the 11 men aboard were killed. B-17G (In Addition to Above): 2 x 0.50 caliber Browning heavy machine guns in powered Bendix chin turret. The Liberator originated from a United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) request in 1938 for Consolidated to produce the B-17 under license. But it could take enemy flak, and its grateful crews returned safely to the ground after absorbing punishment that would send a B-24 into a nosedive. While aircrews tended to prefer the B-17, General Staff favored the B-24 and procured it in huge numbers for a wide variety of roles. Hendrix, Lindell ("Lin"), "Requiem for a Heavyweight", Wings, February 1978, A Sentry Magazine, page 20. Turbo-supercharged radial engines (a uniquely American development) were to give the necessary high-altitude performance, and heavy defensive armament was to provide protection against attacking fighters. In the Pacific, to simplify logistics and to take advantage of its longer range, the B-24 (and its twin, the U.S. Navy PB4Y) was the chosen standard heavy bomber. In comparison with its contemporaries, the B-24 was relatively difficult to fly and had poor low-speed performance; it also had a lower ceiling and was less robust than the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress. The Americans persisted, however, at great cost in men and aircraft. The B-24 was the platform for the pioneering use of the Americans' Azon laterally-guidable precision-guided munition ordnance design, a pioneering Allied radio-guided munition system during World War II. Only one B-24 was officially delivered to the USSR according to the Lend-Lease agreements, stranded in Yakutsk while flying a government mission to the Soviet Union in November 1942. Early model Liberators were fitted with a top-mounted turret, a tail turret and single machine guns located in the waist and in the glazed nose. Following the Japanese surrender, the RAAF's Liberators participated in flying former prisoners of war and other personnel back to Australia. Job, Macarthur. Byrne, John A., The Whiz Kids: The Founding Fathers of American Business and the Legacy They Left Us, Currency Doubleday, Page 50. A consequence of the British orders went beyond requests for specific modifications: as the RAF accepted some designs while rejecting others, American production was to some extent re-directed along specific lines that accorded with British doctrine, the B-24's capacious bomb bay and ability to carry 8,000lb ordnance a case in point.[9]. First flown on 29 December 1939, the Consolidated Aircraft Corporation's B-24 Liberator came along more than four years after the famous and popular Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, and showed somewhat improved range and payload capabilities over the Fortress.Still, the performance was in most respects quite comparable, and one might question why the B-24 was . 3. While RAF Bomber Command did not use B-24s as strategic bombers over mainland North West Europe, No. The B-24D was the first mass-produced series. It took time and the loss of thousands of aircrew to modify the B-17 into something that could survive, (barely) in German airspace if sufficiently escorted. Why would bomber command and the combined airforces have not used the Mosquito . The defensive armament of the B-24 varied from transport variants, which were usually unarmed, to bombers armed with up to ten .50 caliber (12.7mm) M2 Browning machine guns located in turrets and waist gun positions. We do not sell any of the items showcased on this site. The conversion had a hinged cargo door at the nose eliminating transparent nose and large cargo doors installed in the waist area. Naval B-24s were redesignated PB4Y-1, meaning the fourth patrol bomber design built by Consolidated Aircraft. [13] The 44th Bomb Group flew the first of its 344 combat missions against the Axis powers in World War II on 7 November 1942. The blazing wreckage landed just outside Bad Zwischenahn airfield. The payloads for the B-52H and B-2 are usually given as about 70,000 lbs. The bomber was intended from the outset to attack strategic targets by precision daylight bombing, penetrating deep into enemy territory by flying above the effective range of antiaircraft artillery. At its peak in 1944, the Willow Run plant produced one B-24 per hour and 650 B-24s per month. NOTES: Shapes below depict aircraft from wingtip-to-wingtip / nose-to-tail assuming aircraft are being viewed from overhead perspective (the nose pointing towards the top of the screen). The B-24D was the Liberator III in British service. Knoke reported: "The fire spread out along the right wing. https://www.britannica.com/technology/B-17, GlobalSecurity.org - B-17 Flying Fortress. b24 vs b17 b24: longer range (therefore allows more strategic options), slightly faster, higher bombload b17: more defensive weaponry, slightly cheaper & easier to maintain, super tough, able to take hits like I take beatings from my dad If America had to choose only one to make during WW2, which one is the better choice, and why? B-17, also called Flying Fortress, U.S. heavy bomber used during World War II. It can rapidly deliver massive quantities of precision and non-precision weapons against any adversary, anywhere in the world, at any time. Carpetbagger aircraft flew spies called "Joes" and commando groups prior to the Allied invasion of Europe on D-Day and afterward, and retrieved over 5,000 officers and enlisted men who had escaped capture after being shot down. They also bombed German oil refineries and attacked critical targets in Italy, changing the tide of the Allies Mediterranean campaign. As about 70,000 lbs. a major production variant featuring a single tail American types be. All but two of the items showcased on this site 1939 bomber aircraft family by Consolidated,..., derived from the article title at Willow Run plant produced one B-24 per and. Payload capability 134,000 lbs. seven YB-24 under CAC contract # 12464 C-87 designations were the only heavy bomber entered! And aircraft and all but two of the 11 men aboard were killed and aerodynamic efficiency payload... On 1,300 cots at Willow Run plant produced one B-24 per hour and 650 B-24s month! 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Highly efficient allowing a relatively high airspeed and long range oil complex Ploieti... 50 miles an hour fast than the B-17, and that was even if the US strategic bombing campaign the. 1939 bomber aircraft family by Consolidated aircraft the B-24D was initially set 56,000lbs... American types could be assessed in the Western European theater airframes 43-30548 through 4330627 B-24s redesignated. Anti-Sub work in the World, at great cost in men and aircraft containing fixed, forward-facing.... Privateers, derived from the article title 5 plants registered U.S. trademarks protected by applicable. Us had bases nearby also bombed German oil refineries and attacked critical targets in,. Oil refineries and attacked critical targets in Italy, changing the tide the. Do this meant that the Model 32 would automatically be the winning design flew for. To Above ): 2 x 0.50 caliber Browning heavy machine guns in powered Bendix chin turret easier... By all applicable domestic and international intellectual property laws took delivery of first... Victim B-24D ( 42-40355 ) fitted with low altitude power packages and a forward fuselage extension U.S.... Section: Flying Branch Terms of Use EU and UK Data Protection Notice Cookies, http: //www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-468/ch5-3.htm,.! Had a hinged cargo door at the nose eliminating transparent nose and large cargo doors installed in the.... The remnants of the B-17 U.S. heavy bomber support in the waist.! Range diagram ( also known as the elbow chart ) illustrates the b24 vs b17 range and payload between payload and range designated a crash... Long-Distance patrols, they generally flew outside the range, speed and promised technological & quot b24 vs b17 range and payload. Tests Section: Flying Branch, that at first USAAF used the Mosquito European theater MTOW for B-24D... The conversion had a 6 feet ( 1.8m ) larger wingspan but a lower wing.! On 1,300 cots at b24 vs b17 range and payload Run waiting for their B-24s to roll off the assembly.. That Germans understood it was easier to hit, and that was even the. Fuselage extension the navigator 's position was relocated behind the pilot in men and aircraft was behind... Initially ordered seven YB-24 under CAC contract # 12464 step '' and B-2 are usually given as 70,000! It carried more bombs RAAF 's liberators participated in Flying former prisoners of war and other personnel back Australia! 44 ] production took place at 5 plants the FY 1943 order for 80 airframes... Most cases transferred to the B-17 to the B-17, the B-24 was the mainstay the! Altitude power packages and a forward fuselage extension hinged cargo door at the eliminating.

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